The article deals with forensic science activity in everyday detective departments operation from the historic and legal points of view. The judicial reform of 1864 changed both the judicial proceedings and the judicial system in Russia radically, as well as it modified the procedural position of the forensic science examination institution considerably. Thus, Chapter 112 of the Statute stated: „If there is a necessity to precise the circumstances of the case which require the certain awareness in science, art, craft, trade and other occupations the experts (specialists) are involved“. The special knowledge in non-procedural form is supposed to be applied in forensic science activity in the detective departments operation. Experts participation in detective activities involves the preliminary investigation (examination) of the material objects that can be items of evidence in the criminal case as well as technical and advisory assistance given to the detective departments officers There is no evidential value in the experts results but the obtained information is successfully applied as the guiding one in the detective departments operation, while detecting hiding criminals, establishing modus operandi and concealing crime traces, discovering features of the crime planned or committed.
forensic science activity, detective departments (units), experts (specialists), preliminary investigation (examination)
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