The organization of activity of bodies of preliminary investigation over the years are the subject of attention of the scientific community and the whole of the Russian public. Meanwhile, a proper understanding of the historical situation of the preliminary investigation is impossible without comprehending the logic of the development of its institutional framework throughout the country's history. The study documents and other sources shows that the history of the origin of the investigating authorities appeared long before in 1713 the first «major's» investigative offices. Pre-trial (preliminary) investigation of the immanent task of any state. However, the role of the state and the form of the preliminary investigation dialectical. The reason for this lies in the complication of the process of social, public and political life. The article discusses the preliminary investigation in state mechanism of Russia. On the basis of the analysis of the source of law, process of preliminary investigation and a government bodies and officials who are carrying out pre-judicial process.
a preliminary investigation, the investigating authorities, the crime, the evidence, the source of law
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